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r6 r) c N e Zd ZdZdZ fdZed Zd Zd Z d Z
d Z xZ S ) GeographicPositionu~ A latitude-longitude-elevation position on Earth.
Each instance of this class holds an |xyz| vector for a geographic
position on, above, or below the Earth’s surface, in the ITRS
reference frame: the international standard for an Earth-centered
Earth-fixed (ECEF) reference frame. Instead of instantiating this
class directly, Skyfield users usually give a reference geoid the
longitude and latitude they are interested in::
from skyfield.api import wgs84
topos = wgs84.latlon(37.3414, -121.6429)
Once a geographic position has been created, here are its attributes
and methods:
Geodeticc t t | | || _ || _ || _ || _ t |j d d d x| _ }t |t |j | _ y )N)
superrJ r5 modellatitude longitude elevationr radians_R_latr r _R_latlon)r0 rO rP rQ rR r- rT __class__s r4 r5 zGeographicPosition.__init__F sk
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fi t t | j j fi t S )Nz2{0} latitude {1} N longitude {2} E elevation {3} m) formatrO namer rP degrees _lat_optionsrQ _lon_optionsrR m
_elev_optionsr: s r4 target_namez GeographicPosition.target_nameO se CJJ JJOO .. ?, ? // @< @ )) ;] ; = =r6 c d|j t z
|j z z dz }|j | j j
z |dz z dz S )ux Return the Local Apparent Sidereal Time, in hours, at time ``t``.
This location’s Local Apparent Sidereal Time (LAST) is the right
ascension of the zenith at the time ``t``, as measured against
the “true” Earth equator and equinox (rather than the fictional
“mean” equator and equinox, which ignore the Earth’s nutation).
g4 ;g @g ^@g 8@)wholer tdb_fractiongastrQ _hours)r0 r> sprimes r4 lst_hours_atz GeographicPosition.lst_hours_atW sL QWWr\ANN :;gE ...'1AATIIr6 c |dk( rd}|dk( r&dt | j j dz z }t ||| }t | S )u Predict how the atmosphere will refract a position.
Given a body that is standing ``altitude_degrees`` above the
true horizon, return an ``Angle`` predicting its apparent
altitude given the supplied temperature and pressure, either of
which can be the string ``'standard'`` to use 10°C and a
pressure of 1010 mbar adjusted for the elevation of this
geographic location.
standardg $@g @g @rZ )r rR r] r r )r0 altitude_degrees
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d Z e Z y
) Geoidu An Earth ellipsoid: maps latitudes and longitudes to |xyz| positions.
Instead of creating their own geoid object, most Skyfield users
simply use the `wgs84` object that comes built-in.
The math for turning a position into latitude and longitude is based
on Dr. T.S. Kelso's quite helpful article `Orbital Coordinate
Systems, Part III `_.
c || _ t | | _ || _ |dz
|z }||z | _ d|z }d|z ||z z
| _ y )Nr] ?g @)rY r radiusinverse_flattening _one_minus_flattening_squared_e2)r0 rY radius_mr| omffs r4 r5 zGeoid.__init__ sW * "4 !C'+==-03Y* $ $q51Q3;r6 r, c t | }t | }t | }|j }|j } | j j }
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|z }|| z | z }t |||f } || |||t | S )u Return a `GeographicPosition` for a given latitude and longitude.
The longitude and latitude should both be specified in degrees.
If no elevation in meters is supplied, the returned position
will lie on the surface of the ellipsoid. Longitude is positive
towards the east, so supply a negative number for west::
from skyfield.api import wgs84
observatory = wgs84.latlon(37.3414, -121.6429) # 121.6° West
You can avoid remembering which directions are negative by using
Skyfield’s compass direction constants, which have the values +1
and −1::
from skyfield.api import N, S, E, W
observatory = wgs84.latlon(37.3414 * N, 121.6429 * W)
ri ry rz )
r r rS r{ r. r r r} r r )r0 latitude_degreeslongitude_degrees elevation_mclsrP rQ rR latlon radius_au elevation_ausinphicosphiomf2cs radius_xyxyr1 r2 radius_zr3 r? s r4 latlonz Geoid.latlon s ( !12"34 {+ KKNN || SS11 $v& 4)??@ @ 1H M ,&&
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$ . 1a) 49i!EEr6 c | j | \ }}}}}}}t || t z
t z t z
} t | t | fS )u Return the latitude and longitude of a ``position``.
The position’s ``.center`` must be 399, the center of the Earth.
Geodetic latitude and longitude are returned as a pair of
:class:`~skyfield.units.Angle` objects.
rS )_compute_latituder r r r
r0 positionxyz_aur1 r2 rq aChypr r s
r4 latlon_ofzGeoid.latlon_of sR )-(>(>x(H%1aS#q!}r!S(2-S!5#555r6 c x | j | \ }}}}}}}t ||z ||z z |z
} t | S )u Return the height above the Earth’s ellipsoid of a ``position``.
The position’s ``.center`` must be 399, the center of the Earth.
A :class:`~skyfield.units.Distance` is returned giving the
position’s geodetic height above the Earth’s surface.
)r r r )
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r4 height_ofzGeoid.height_of sJ )-(>(>x(H%1aS#sQU*+b0 ""r6 c | j | \ }}}}}}}t || t z
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t | | S )uF Return the `GeographicPosition` of a ``position``.
The position’s ``.center`` must be 399, the center of the Earth.
A `GeographicPosition` is returned giving the position’s
geodetic ``latitude`` and ``longitude``, and an ``elevation``
above or below the surface of the ellipsoid.
r )rP rQ rR r- rO )r r r r r rJ r r ) r0 r r r1 r2 rq r r r r r s r4 geographic_position_ofz Geoid.geographic_position_of s )-(>(>x(H%1aS#q!}r!S(2-sQU*+b0 !3'C( y) f%
r6 c | j | \ }}}}}}}t || t z
t z t z
} | j |t
z | t
z S )u^ Return the point on the ellipsoid directly below a ``position``.
The position’s ``.center`` must be 399, the center of the Earth.
Returns a `GeographicPosition` giving the geodetic ``latitude``
and ``longitude`` that lie directly below the input position,
and an ``elevation`` above the ellipsoid of zero.
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r s
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( 9-. &Hr6 rw WGS84g @TXAgmt r@IERS2010gfff&TXAgKr@u World Geodetic System 1984 `Geoid`.
This is the standard geoid used by the GPS system,
and is likely the standard that’s intended
if you are supplied a latitude and longitude
that don’t specify an alternative geoid.
z2International Earth Rotation Service 2010 `Geoid`.c . e Zd ZdZ d fd Zd Z xZS )ToposzDDeprecated: use ``wgs84.latlon()`` or ``iers2010.latlon()`` instead.c |nRt |t r
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